Evaluating the effects of climate change, human capital, financial development, and renewable energy on agricultural production in Vietnam
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to analyze how climate change, human capital, financial development, and renewable energy affect agricultural production in Vietnam during the period: 1995–2023, using wavelet analysis and spectral Granger causality. The results show that there is a significant relationship between climate change, human capital, financial development, renewable energy, and agricultural production over the sample period in Vietnam. More specifically, human capital, financial development, and renewable energy consumption positively influence agricultural production, while climate change has a negative impact on agricultural production. This means that human capital, financial development, and renewable energy remarkably enhance agricultural production, while climate change significantly reduces agricultural production. In addition, the spectral Granger causality test indicates that there is a bidirectional causality between these regressors and agricultural production in Vietnam across different frequencies. Climate change and financial development have a causal relationship with agricultural production in the short run. However, in the long run, we should pay attention to boosting the development of human resources and clean energy to achieve clean and sustainable agriculture in Vietnam. Furthermore, fiscal policies are able to support human capital, renewable energy, and decrease the level of climate change to promote agricultural production. The government should provide fair, transparent, and reliable long-term human capital policies, as well as incentives to attract private and foreign investment capital to participate in the growth of renewable energy.
Article Details
Keywords
Sản xuất nông nghiệp, biến đổi khí hậu, vốn con người, phát triển tài chính, năng lượng tái tạo.
References
Tài liệu tham khảo
Adelaja, A. O., & Hailu, Y. G. (2008). Renewable energy development and implications to agricultural viability. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.6132
Ahmad, K., & Heng, A. C. T. (2012). Determinants of agriculture productivity growth in Pakistan. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 95(2), 165-172. http://www.internationalresearchjournaloffinanceandeconomics.com
Akpaeti, A. J. (2015). Impact of financial sector reforms on agricultural growth in Nigeria: a vector autoregressive (VAR) approach. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 7(1), 17-35. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJEA/2015/11423
Amin, M. R., Zhang, J., & Yang, M. (2014). Effects of climate change on the yield and cropping area of major food crops: A case of Bangladesh. Sustainability, 7(1), 898-915. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7010898
Anik, A. R., Rahman, S., & Sarker, J. R. (2017). Agricultural productivity growth and the role of capital in South Asia (1980–2013). Sustainability, 9(3), 470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7010898
Anh, D. L. T., Anh, N. T., & Chandio, A. A. (2023). Climate change and its impacts on Vietnam agriculture: A macroeconomic perspective. Ecological Informatics, 74, 101960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101960
Appel, F., Ostermeyer-Wiethaup, A., & Balmann, A. (2016). Effects of the German Renewable Energy Act on structural change in agriculture–The case of biogas. Utilities Policy, 41, 172-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2016.02.013
Bashir, A., & Susetyo, D. (2018). The relationship between economic growth, human capital, and agriculture sector: Empirical evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics (IJFAEC), 6(4), 35-52. https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/283873
Boonwichai, S., Shrestha, S., Babel, M. S., Weesakul, S., & Datta, A. (2019). Evaluation of climate change impacts and adaptation strategies on rainfed rice production in Songkhram River Basin, Thailand. Science of the Total Environment, 652, 189-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.201
Breitung, J., & Candelon, B. (2006). Testing for short-and long-run causality: A frequency-domain approach. Journal of Econometrics, 132(2), 363-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2005.02.004
Conto, F., Fiore, M., La Sala, P., & Papapietro, P. (2012). The role of education, knowledge and human resources for the agricultural development in the perspective of new cap: an hypothesis of change in Basilicata. APSTRACT: Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, 6, 123-130. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.138099
Crane-Droesch, A. (2018). Machine learning methods for crop yield prediction and climate change impact assessment in agriculture. Environmental Research Letters, 13(11), 114003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae159
Chandio, A. A., Jiang, Y., Rehman, A., & Rauf, A. (2020). Short and long-run impacts of climate change on agriculture: an empirical evidence from China. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 12(2), 201-221. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCCSM-05-2019-0026
Chandio, A. A., Shah, M. I., Sethi, N., & Mushtaq, Z. (2022). Assessing the effect of climate change and financial development on agricultural production in ASEAN-4: the role of renewable energy, institutional quality, and human capital as moderators. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-760373/v1
Chopra, R., Magazzino, C., Shah, M. I., Sharma, G. D., Rao, A., & Shahzad, U. (2022). The role of renewable energy and natural resources for sustainable agriculture in ASEAN countries: do carbon emissions and deforestation affect agriculture productivity? Resources Policy, 76, 102578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102578
De Barros, P. H. B., de Castro, G. H. L., & Menezes-Filho, N. (2022). The human capital effect on productivity and agricultural frontier expansion in Brazil. https://ideas.repec.org/p/ris/nereus/2022_006.html
Djomo, v. S. (2012). The effects of human capital on agricultural productivity and farmer's income in Cameroon. International Business Research, 5(4), 134. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v5n4p149
Đăng, H. N. (2023). Tác động của phát triển tài chính đến năng suất nông nghiệp các quốc gia Đông Nam Á. Tạp chí Kinh tế và Phát triển, 24 - 34(316). https://doi.org/10.33301/JED.VI.1154
Egwu, P. N. (2016). Impact of agricultural financing on agricultural output, economic growth and poverty alleviation in Nigeria. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 6(2), 36-42. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234661869.pdf
Hena, S., Khan, S. U., Rehman, A., Khalid, S., Shah, F., & Luan, J. (2022). A symbiotic association between human capital and agricultural growth in Pakistan; assessment through auto regressive distributed lag model. Fresen Environ Bull, 31, 857-866. https://www.prt-parlar.de/
Hernandez, Q., Muñoz-Rodríguez, D., Vargas-Casillas, A., Juárez Lopez, J. M., Aparicio-Martínez, P., Martínez-Jiménez, M. P., & Perea-Moreno, A.-J. (2022). Renewable Energies in the Agricultural Sector: A Perspective Analysis of the Last Three Years. Energies, 16(1), 345. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010345
Huang, F. M., & Luh, Y. H. (2009). The Economic Value of Education in Agricultural Production: A Switching Regression Analysis of Selected East Asian Countries. In 2009 Conference, August 16-22, 2009, Beijing, China (No. 50928). International Association of Agricultural Economists.. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.50928
Hung, N. T. (2022). Asymmetric impact of economic growth, financial development and energy consumption on CO2 emissions in Vietnam. Science & Technology Development Journal: Economics-Law & Management, 6(4), 3526-3541. doi:10.32508/stdjelm.v6i4.1152
Hye, Q. M. A., & Jafri, Z. (2011). Trade, human capital and agricultural sector growth of Pakistan economy. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(27), 5999-6007. http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR
Jebli, M. B., & Youssef, S. B. (2017). The role of renewable energy and agriculture in reducing CO2 emissions: Evidence for North Africa countries. Ecological indicators, 74, 295-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.11.032
Kalirajan, K. P. (1989). On measuring the contribution of human capital to agricultural production. Indian Economic Review, 247-261. https://www.jstor.org/stable/29793524
Kijek, T., Nowak, A., & Domańska, K. (2016). The role of knowledge capital in Total Factor Productivity changes: The case of agriculture in EU countries. German Journal of Agricultural Economics, 65(3), 171-181. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.284977
Kuzman, B., Djurić, K., Mitrović, L., & Prodanović, R. (2017). Agricultural budget and agriculture development in Republic of Serbia. Economics of Agriculture, 64(2), 515-531. https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj1702515K
Lanzona Jr, L. A. (2013). Human capital and agricultural productivity: The case of the Philippines. Productivity Growth in Philippine Agriculture. https://ideas.repec.org/b/sag/sepgpa/2013222.html
Liu, X., Zhang, S., & Bae, J. (2017). The nexus of renewable energy-agriculture-environment in BRICS. Applied Energy, 204, 489-496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.07.077
Magazzino, C., Mele, M., & Santeramo, F. G. (2021). Using an artificial neural networks experiment to assess the links among financial development and growth in agriculture. Sustainability, 13(5), 2828. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052828
Mendelsohn, R. (2007). Past climate change impacts on agriculture. Handbook of agricultural economics, 3, 3009-3031. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0072(06)03060-X
Ndour, C. T. (2017). Effects of human capital on agricultural productivity in Senegal. World Scientific News(64), 34-43. https://doi.org/10.4236/tel.2023.136081
Ngaira, J. K. W. (2007). Impact of climate change on agriculture in Africa by. Scientific Research and Essays, 2(7), 238-243. https://hero.epa.gov/hero/index.cfm/reference/details/reference_id/505314
Olaniyi, E. (2017). Back to the land: The impact of financial inclusion on agriculture in Nigeria. Iranian Economic Review, 21(4), 885-903. https://doi.org/10.22059/IER.2017.64086
Palys, M. J., Wang, H., Zhang, Q., & Daoutidis, P. (2021). Renewable ammonia for sustainable energy and agriculture: vision and systems engineering opportunities. Current opinion in chemical engineering, 31, 100667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2020.100667
Paramati, S. R., Apergis, N., & Ummalla, M. (2018). Dynamics of renewable energy consumption and economic activities across the agriculture, industry, and service sectors: evidence in the perspective of sustainable development. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25, 1375-1387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0552-7
Penda, v. S. (2012). Human capital development for agricultural business in Nigeria. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 15, 89-91. Được truy lục từ http://purl.umn.edu/129182 67
Reboredo, J. C.-C. (2017). Wavelet-based test of co-movement and causality between oil and renewable energy stock prices. Energy Economics, 61, 241-252. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2016.10.015
Shahbaz, M., Shahbaz Shabbir, M., & Sabihuddin Butt, M. (2013). Effect of financial development on agricultural growth in Pakistan: New extensions from bounds test to level relationships and Granger causality tests. International Journal of Social Economics, 40(8), 707-728. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-01-2012-0002
Shakoor, U., Saboor, A., Ali, I., & Mohsin, A. (2011). Impact of climate change on agriculture: empirical evidence from arid region. Pak. J. Agri. Sci, 48(4), 327-333. https://doi.org/10.21162/PAKJAS
Sharma, G. D., Shah, M. I., Shahzad, U., Jain, M., & Chopra, R. (2021). Exploring the nexus between agriculture and greenhouse gas emissions in BIMSTEC region: The role of renewable energy and human capital as moderators. Journal of environmental management, 297, 113316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113316
Torrence, C., & Webster, P. J. (1999). Interdecadal changes in the ENSO–monsoon system. Journal of climate, 12(8), 2679-2690. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012%3C2679:ICITEM%3E2.0.CO;2
Wegren, S. K. (2014). Human capital and Russia's agricultural future. Post-Communist Economies, 26(4), 537-554. https://doi.org/10.1080/14631377.2014.964467
Westerlund, J. (2008). Panel cointegration tests of the Fisher effect. Journal of applied econometrics, 23(2), 193-233. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.967
Xu, X. L., Chen, H. H., & Zhang, R. R. (2020). The impact of intellectual capital efficiency on corporate sustainable growth-evidence from smart agriculture in China. Agriculture, 10(6), 199. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10060199
Yan, C.-d., & Xiao, H.A. (2011). Analysis of factors influencing comprehensive productivity of agriculture in Henan Province on the basis of grey correlation. Asian Agricultural Research, 3(10), 6-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.122941
Yazdani, S. (2008). Financial market development and agricultural economic growth in Iran. https://www.aensiweb.net/AENSIWEB/aejsa/aejsa/2008/338-343.pdf
Yazdi, S. K., & Khanalizadeh, B. A. H. M. A. N. (2014). The financial development and agriculture growth in Iran: ARDL approach. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Development, Energy, Environment, Economics, Recent Advances in Energy, Environment and Financial Planning (Vol. 2119, pp. 335-342). http://bahmanyarnovin.ir/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/khanalizadeh.en-5.pdf
Zaman, S., uz Zaman, Q., Zhang, L., Wang, Z., & Jehan, N. (2022). Interaction between agricultural production, female employment, renewable energy, and environmental quality: Policy directions in context of developing economies. Renewable Energy, 186, 288-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.12.131
Zhang, X., Fu, X., Xue, Y., Chang, X., & Bai, X. (2023). A review on basic theory and technology of agricultural energy internet. IET Renewable Power Generation. https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.12808
Adelaja, A. O., & Hailu, Y. G. (2008). Renewable energy development and implications to agricultural viability. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.6132
Ahmad, K., & Heng, A. C. T. (2012). Determinants of agriculture productivity growth in Pakistan. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 95(2), 165-172. http://www.internationalresearchjournaloffinanceandeconomics.com
Akpaeti, A. J. (2015). Impact of financial sector reforms on agricultural growth in Nigeria: a vector autoregressive (VAR) approach. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 7(1), 17-35. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJEA/2015/11423
Amin, M. R., Zhang, J., & Yang, M. (2014). Effects of climate change on the yield and cropping area of major food crops: A case of Bangladesh. Sustainability, 7(1), 898-915. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7010898
Anik, A. R., Rahman, S., & Sarker, J. R. (2017). Agricultural productivity growth and the role of capital in South Asia (1980–2013). Sustainability, 9(3), 470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su7010898
Anh, D. L. T., Anh, N. T., & Chandio, A. A. (2023). Climate change and its impacts on Vietnam agriculture: A macroeconomic perspective. Ecological Informatics, 74, 101960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101960
Appel, F., Ostermeyer-Wiethaup, A., & Balmann, A. (2016). Effects of the German Renewable Energy Act on structural change in agriculture–The case of biogas. Utilities Policy, 41, 172-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2016.02.013
Bashir, A., & Susetyo, D. (2018). The relationship between economic growth, human capital, and agriculture sector: Empirical evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics (IJFAEC), 6(4), 35-52. https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/283873
Boonwichai, S., Shrestha, S., Babel, M. S., Weesakul, S., & Datta, A. (2019). Evaluation of climate change impacts and adaptation strategies on rainfed rice production in Songkhram River Basin, Thailand. Science of the Total Environment, 652, 189-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.201
Breitung, J., & Candelon, B. (2006). Testing for short-and long-run causality: A frequency-domain approach. Journal of Econometrics, 132(2), 363-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconom.2005.02.004
Conto, F., Fiore, M., La Sala, P., & Papapietro, P. (2012). The role of education, knowledge and human resources for the agricultural development in the perspective of new cap: an hypothesis of change in Basilicata. APSTRACT: Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, 6, 123-130. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.138099
Crane-Droesch, A. (2018). Machine learning methods for crop yield prediction and climate change impact assessment in agriculture. Environmental Research Letters, 13(11), 114003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae159
Chandio, A. A., Jiang, Y., Rehman, A., & Rauf, A. (2020). Short and long-run impacts of climate change on agriculture: an empirical evidence from China. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 12(2), 201-221. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCCSM-05-2019-0026
Chandio, A. A., Shah, M. I., Sethi, N., & Mushtaq, Z. (2022). Assessing the effect of climate change and financial development on agricultural production in ASEAN-4: the role of renewable energy, institutional quality, and human capital as moderators. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-760373/v1
Chopra, R., Magazzino, C., Shah, M. I., Sharma, G. D., Rao, A., & Shahzad, U. (2022). The role of renewable energy and natural resources for sustainable agriculture in ASEAN countries: do carbon emissions and deforestation affect agriculture productivity? Resources Policy, 76, 102578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102578
De Barros, P. H. B., de Castro, G. H. L., & Menezes-Filho, N. (2022). The human capital effect on productivity and agricultural frontier expansion in Brazil. https://ideas.repec.org/p/ris/nereus/2022_006.html
Djomo, v. S. (2012). The effects of human capital on agricultural productivity and farmer's income in Cameroon. International Business Research, 5(4), 134. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v5n4p149
Đăng, H. N. (2023). Tác động của phát triển tài chính đến năng suất nông nghiệp các quốc gia Đông Nam Á. Tạp chí Kinh tế và Phát triển, 24 - 34(316). https://doi.org/10.33301/JED.VI.1154
Egwu, P. N. (2016). Impact of agricultural financing on agricultural output, economic growth and poverty alleviation in Nigeria. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 6(2), 36-42. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234661869.pdf
Hena, S., Khan, S. U., Rehman, A., Khalid, S., Shah, F., & Luan, J. (2022). A symbiotic association between human capital and agricultural growth in Pakistan; assessment through auto regressive distributed lag model. Fresen Environ Bull, 31, 857-866. https://www.prt-parlar.de/
Hernandez, Q., Muñoz-Rodríguez, D., Vargas-Casillas, A., Juárez Lopez, J. M., Aparicio-Martínez, P., Martínez-Jiménez, M. P., & Perea-Moreno, A.-J. (2022). Renewable Energies in the Agricultural Sector: A Perspective Analysis of the Last Three Years. Energies, 16(1), 345. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010345
Huang, F. M., & Luh, Y. H. (2009). The Economic Value of Education in Agricultural Production: A Switching Regression Analysis of Selected East Asian Countries. In 2009 Conference, August 16-22, 2009, Beijing, China (No. 50928). International Association of Agricultural Economists.. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.50928
Hung, N. T. (2022). Asymmetric impact of economic growth, financial development and energy consumption on CO2 emissions in Vietnam. Science & Technology Development Journal: Economics-Law & Management, 6(4), 3526-3541. doi:10.32508/stdjelm.v6i4.1152
Hye, Q. M. A., & Jafri, Z. (2011). Trade, human capital and agricultural sector growth of Pakistan economy. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(27), 5999-6007. http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR
Jebli, M. B., & Youssef, S. B. (2017). The role of renewable energy and agriculture in reducing CO2 emissions: Evidence for North Africa countries. Ecological indicators, 74, 295-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.11.032
Kalirajan, K. P. (1989). On measuring the contribution of human capital to agricultural production. Indian Economic Review, 247-261. https://www.jstor.org/stable/29793524
Kijek, T., Nowak, A., & Domańska, K. (2016). The role of knowledge capital in Total Factor Productivity changes: The case of agriculture in EU countries. German Journal of Agricultural Economics, 65(3), 171-181. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.284977
Kuzman, B., Djurić, K., Mitrović, L., & Prodanović, R. (2017). Agricultural budget and agriculture development in Republic of Serbia. Economics of Agriculture, 64(2), 515-531. https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj1702515K
Lanzona Jr, L. A. (2013). Human capital and agricultural productivity: The case of the Philippines. Productivity Growth in Philippine Agriculture. https://ideas.repec.org/b/sag/sepgpa/2013222.html
Liu, X., Zhang, S., & Bae, J. (2017). The nexus of renewable energy-agriculture-environment in BRICS. Applied Energy, 204, 489-496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.07.077
Magazzino, C., Mele, M., & Santeramo, F. G. (2021). Using an artificial neural networks experiment to assess the links among financial development and growth in agriculture. Sustainability, 13(5), 2828. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052828
Mendelsohn, R. (2007). Past climate change impacts on agriculture. Handbook of agricultural economics, 3, 3009-3031. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0072(06)03060-X
Ndour, C. T. (2017). Effects of human capital on agricultural productivity in Senegal. World Scientific News(64), 34-43. https://doi.org/10.4236/tel.2023.136081
Ngaira, J. K. W. (2007). Impact of climate change on agriculture in Africa by. Scientific Research and Essays, 2(7), 238-243. https://hero.epa.gov/hero/index.cfm/reference/details/reference_id/505314
Olaniyi, E. (2017). Back to the land: The impact of financial inclusion on agriculture in Nigeria. Iranian Economic Review, 21(4), 885-903. https://doi.org/10.22059/IER.2017.64086
Palys, M. J., Wang, H., Zhang, Q., & Daoutidis, P. (2021). Renewable ammonia for sustainable energy and agriculture: vision and systems engineering opportunities. Current opinion in chemical engineering, 31, 100667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2020.100667
Paramati, S. R., Apergis, N., & Ummalla, M. (2018). Dynamics of renewable energy consumption and economic activities across the agriculture, industry, and service sectors: evidence in the perspective of sustainable development. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25, 1375-1387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0552-7
Penda, v. S. (2012). Human capital development for agricultural business in Nigeria. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 15, 89-91. Được truy lục từ http://purl.umn.edu/129182 67
Reboredo, J. C.-C. (2017). Wavelet-based test of co-movement and causality between oil and renewable energy stock prices. Energy Economics, 61, 241-252. doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2016.10.015
Shahbaz, M., Shahbaz Shabbir, M., & Sabihuddin Butt, M. (2013). Effect of financial development on agricultural growth in Pakistan: New extensions from bounds test to level relationships and Granger causality tests. International Journal of Social Economics, 40(8), 707-728. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-01-2012-0002
Shakoor, U., Saboor, A., Ali, I., & Mohsin, A. (2011). Impact of climate change on agriculture: empirical evidence from arid region. Pak. J. Agri. Sci, 48(4), 327-333. https://doi.org/10.21162/PAKJAS
Sharma, G. D., Shah, M. I., Shahzad, U., Jain, M., & Chopra, R. (2021). Exploring the nexus between agriculture and greenhouse gas emissions in BIMSTEC region: The role of renewable energy and human capital as moderators. Journal of environmental management, 297, 113316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113316
Torrence, C., & Webster, P. J. (1999). Interdecadal changes in the ENSO–monsoon system. Journal of climate, 12(8), 2679-2690. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1999)012%3C2679:ICITEM%3E2.0.CO;2
Wegren, S. K. (2014). Human capital and Russia's agricultural future. Post-Communist Economies, 26(4), 537-554. https://doi.org/10.1080/14631377.2014.964467
Westerlund, J. (2008). Panel cointegration tests of the Fisher effect. Journal of applied econometrics, 23(2), 193-233. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.967
Xu, X. L., Chen, H. H., & Zhang, R. R. (2020). The impact of intellectual capital efficiency on corporate sustainable growth-evidence from smart agriculture in China. Agriculture, 10(6), 199. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10060199
Yan, C.-d., & Xiao, H.A. (2011). Analysis of factors influencing comprehensive productivity of agriculture in Henan Province on the basis of grey correlation. Asian Agricultural Research, 3(10), 6-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.122941
Yazdani, S. (2008). Financial market development and agricultural economic growth in Iran. https://www.aensiweb.net/AENSIWEB/aejsa/aejsa/2008/338-343.pdf
Yazdi, S. K., & Khanalizadeh, B. A. H. M. A. N. (2014). The financial development and agriculture growth in Iran: ARDL approach. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Development, Energy, Environment, Economics, Recent Advances in Energy, Environment and Financial Planning (Vol. 2119, pp. 335-342). http://bahmanyarnovin.ir/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/khanalizadeh.en-5.pdf
Zaman, S., uz Zaman, Q., Zhang, L., Wang, Z., & Jehan, N. (2022). Interaction between agricultural production, female employment, renewable energy, and environmental quality: Policy directions in context of developing economies. Renewable Energy, 186, 288-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.12.131
Zhang, X., Fu, X., Xue, Y., Chang, X., & Bai, X. (2023). A review on basic theory and technology of agricultural energy internet. IET Renewable Power Generation. https://doi.org/10.1049/rpg2.12808
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