The impact of natural disasters on the comprehensive development of children in rural Vietnam
Main Article Content
Abstract
Our research applies the data set of The Viet Nam Household Living Standards Survey 2018 (VHLSS 2018) combined with the ordinary least squares method (OLS) for the purpose of analyzing how natural disasters impact children in four main aspects: spending for food, investing for education, spending for healthcare and the regional poverty rate of children, that considerably different from previous researchs, which mainly concentrate on one particular factor. Our results show children who live in regions that are badly influenced by catastrophes can’t access appropriate food, education, and healthcare due to being cut in spending by their families. Natural disasters also elevate substantially the poverty rate. Besides, our other results indicate that the more level of age, education, and property parents reach, the more investment in basic needs children may get. Our group uses empirical results and tends to imply them in several policies for mitigating the negative impact of catastrophes and elevating children’s ratio in receiving enough human resources for sustainable and long-lasting development.
Article Details
Keywords
Children, Development, Disasters
References
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Jensen, R. (2000). Agricultural volatility and investments in children. American Economic Review, 90(2), 399-404. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.90.2.399
Knodel, J., Havanon, N., & Sittitrai, W. (1990). Family size and the education of children in the context of rapid fertility decline. Population and Development Review, 16(1), 31-62. https://doi.org/10.2307/1972528
Kornrich, S., & Furstenberg, F. (2013). Investing in children: Changes in parental spending on children, 1972–2007. Demography, 50(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0146-4
Kousky, C. (2016). Impacts of Natural Disasters on Children. The Future of Children, 26(1), 73-92. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43755231
Lai, B. S., & La Greca, A. (2020). Understanding the impacts of natural disasters on children. Society for Research in Child Development, Child Evidence Brief. https://www.srcd.org/research/understanding-impacts-natural-disasters-children
Masten, A. S., & Narayan, A. J. (2012). Child development in the context of disaster, war, and terrorism: Pathways of risk and resilience. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 227-257. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100356
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Mottaleb, K. A., Mohanty, S., Hoang, H. T. K., & Rejesus, R. M. (2013). The effects of natural disasters on farm household income and expenditures: A study on rice farmers in Bangladesh. Agricultural Systems, 121, 43-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2013.06.003
Save The Children UK. (2007). Legacy of disasters: The impact of climate change on children. https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/document/legacy-disastersthe-impact-climate-change-children.
Seccombe, K. (2000). Families in poverty in the 1990s: Trends, causes, consequences, and lessons learned. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62(4), 1094-1113. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.01094.x
Shea, J. (2000). Does parents’ money matter? Journal of Public Economics, 77(2), 155-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(99)00087-0
Skoufias, E. (2003). Economic crises and natural disasters: Coping strategies and policy implications. World Development, 31(7), 1087-1102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00069-X
Smith, L. C., El Obeid, A. E., & Jensen, H. H. (2000). The geography and causes of food insecurity in developing countries. Agricultural Economics, 22(2), 199-215. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2000.tb00018.x
UNICEF (2016). Nearly a quarter of the world’s children live in conflict or disaster-stricken countries. Truy cập ngày 18/07/2023 tại https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/nearly-quarter-worlds-children-live-conflict-or-disaster-stricken-countries.
UNICEF (2020). 2.5 million children affected by successive natural disasters that devastated Vietnam. Truy cập ngày 16/07/2023 tại https://www.unicef.org/vietnam/stories/25-million-children-affected-multiple-natural-disasters-strike-viet-nam.
UNICEF (2021). The Climate Crisis is a Child Rights Crisis. Truy cập ngày 15/07/2023 tại https://www.unicef.org/reports/climate-crisis-child-rights-crisis.
UNICEF (2023). Children in East Asia and the Pacific face the greatest exposure to multiple climate disasters. Truy cập ngày 16/07/2023 tại https://www.unicef.org/vietnam/press-releases/children-east-asia-and-pacific-face-greatest-exposure-multiple-climate-disasters.
Arouri, M., Nguyen, C., & Youssef, A. B. (2015). Natural disasters, household welfare, and resilience: evidence from rural Vietnam. World Development, 70, 59-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.12.017
Becker, G. S. (1964). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis with special reference to education. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. https://www.nber.org/books-and-chapters/human-capital-theoretical-and-empirical-analysis-special-reference-education-first-edition
Behrman, J. R., & Rosenzweig, M. R. (2002). Does increasing women's schooling raise the schooling of the next generation? American Economic Review, 92(1), 323-334. https://doi.org/10.1257/000282802760015757
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. https://www.hup.harvard.edu/books/9780674224575
Brooks, N., & Adger, W. N. (2005). Assessing and enhancing adaptive capacity. Adaptation Policy Frameworks for Climate Change: Developing Strategies, Policies and Measures, 165-182. https://www4.unfccc.int/sites/NAPC/Country%20Documents/General/apf%20technical%20paper07.pdf
Bugental, D. B., Beaulieu, D. A., & Silbert-Geiger, A. (2010). Increases in parental investment and child health as a result of an early intervention. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 106(1), 30-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2009.10.004
Buigut, S., Ettarh, R., & Amendah, D. D. (2015). Catastrophic health expenditure and its determinants in Kenya slum communities. International journal for equity in health, 14(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-015-0168-9
Carter, M. R., Little, P. D., Mogues, T., & Negatu, W. (2007). Poverty traps and natural disasters in Ethiopia and Honduras. World Development, 35(5), 835-856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.09.010
Deaton, A., & Paxson, C. (1998). Economies of scale, household size, and the demand for food. Journal of Political Economy, 106(5), 897-930. https://doi.org/10.1086/250035
Dyregrov, A., Dyregrov, K., Kristensen, P., & Johnsen, I. (2018). Trauma exposure and psychological reactions to genocide among Rwandan children. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 9(1), 1442604. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007759112499
Eckstein, D., Hutfils, M. L., & Winges, M. (2018). Global climate risk index 2019. Who suffers most from extreme weather events. https://www.burmalibrary.org/sites/burmalibrary.org/files/obl/GLOBAL-CLIMATE-RISK-INDEX-2019-en.pdf
Eckstein, D., Künzel, V., & Schäfer, L. (2021). The Global Climate Risk Index 2021. Bonn: Germanwatch. https://bvearmb.do/handle/123456789/1306
Gaies, B. (2022). Reassessing the impact of health expenditure on income growth in the face of the global sanitary crisis: the case of developing countries. The European Journal of Health Economics, 23(9), 1415-1436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-022-01433-1
Grossman, M. (2006). Education and nonmarket outcomes. Handbook of the Economics of Education, 1, 577-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1574-0692(06)01010-5
Haveman, R., & Wolfe, B. (1995). The determinants of children's attainments: A review of methods and findings. Journal of Economic Literature, 33(4), 1829-1878. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2729315
Hoddinott, J., Maluccio, J. A., Behrman, J. R., Flores, R., & Martorell, R. (2008). Effect of a nutrition intervention during early childhood on economic productivity in Guatemalan adults. The Lancet, 371(9610), 411-416. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60205-6
IPCC. (2007). AR4 Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Truy cập ngày 18/07/2023 tại https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar4/syr/.
Islam, M. Q. (2020). Children’s vulnerability to natural disasters: Evidence from natural experiments in Bangladesh. World Development Perspectives, 19, 100228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2020.100228
Jacoby, H. G., & Skoufias, E. (1997). Risk, financial markets, and human capital in a developing country. The Review of Economic Studies, 64(3), 311-335. https://doi.org/10.2307/2971716
Jensen, R. (2000). Agricultural volatility and investments in children. American Economic Review, 90(2), 399-404. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.90.2.399
Knodel, J., Havanon, N., & Sittitrai, W. (1990). Family size and the education of children in the context of rapid fertility decline. Population and Development Review, 16(1), 31-62. https://doi.org/10.2307/1972528
Kornrich, S., & Furstenberg, F. (2013). Investing in children: Changes in parental spending on children, 1972–2007. Demography, 50(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0146-4
Kousky, C. (2016). Impacts of Natural Disasters on Children. The Future of Children, 26(1), 73-92. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43755231
Lai, B. S., & La Greca, A. (2020). Understanding the impacts of natural disasters on children. Society for Research in Child Development, Child Evidence Brief. https://www.srcd.org/research/understanding-impacts-natural-disasters-children
Masten, A. S., & Narayan, A. J. (2012). Child development in the context of disaster, war, and terrorism: Pathways of risk and resilience. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 227-257. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100356
Meara, E. R. (1999). Economic determinants of health: the role of socioeconomic status, medical innovation, and managed care. Harvard University. https://www.proquest.com/openview/8350bb11008df4e28d21b79c345e295e/1?pqorigsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y
Mottaleb, K. A., Mohanty, S., Hoang, H. T. K., & Rejesus, R. M. (2013). The effects of natural disasters on farm household income and expenditures: A study on rice farmers in Bangladesh. Agricultural Systems, 121, 43-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2013.06.003
Save The Children UK. (2007). Legacy of disasters: The impact of climate change on children. https://resourcecentre.savethechildren.net/document/legacy-disastersthe-impact-climate-change-children.
Seccombe, K. (2000). Families in poverty in the 1990s: Trends, causes, consequences, and lessons learned. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62(4), 1094-1113. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.01094.x
Shea, J. (2000). Does parents’ money matter? Journal of Public Economics, 77(2), 155-184. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0047-2727(99)00087-0
Skoufias, E. (2003). Economic crises and natural disasters: Coping strategies and policy implications. World Development, 31(7), 1087-1102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00069-X
Smith, L. C., El Obeid, A. E., & Jensen, H. H. (2000). The geography and causes of food insecurity in developing countries. Agricultural Economics, 22(2), 199-215. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2000.tb00018.x
UNICEF (2016). Nearly a quarter of the world’s children live in conflict or disaster-stricken countries. Truy cập ngày 18/07/2023 tại https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/nearly-quarter-worlds-children-live-conflict-or-disaster-stricken-countries.
UNICEF (2020). 2.5 million children affected by successive natural disasters that devastated Vietnam. Truy cập ngày 16/07/2023 tại https://www.unicef.org/vietnam/stories/25-million-children-affected-multiple-natural-disasters-strike-viet-nam.
UNICEF (2021). The Climate Crisis is a Child Rights Crisis. Truy cập ngày 15/07/2023 tại https://www.unicef.org/reports/climate-crisis-child-rights-crisis.
UNICEF (2023). Children in East Asia and the Pacific face the greatest exposure to multiple climate disasters. Truy cập ngày 16/07/2023 tại https://www.unicef.org/vietnam/press-releases/children-east-asia-and-pacific-face-greatest-exposure-multiple-climate-disasters.